Ginkgo Biloba 240 mg

Ginkgo Biloba (240 mg, standardized to 24% flavone glycosides / 6% terpene lactones) + Vitamin B1 (2.1 mg) + Vitamin B2 (1.8 mg) is a triple-action cognitive and circulatory support formula that combines the world's most extensively studied herbal brain tonic with two essential B-vitamins critical for neuronal energy metabolism and neurological function.
This formula targets three distinct pathways:
1.      Cerebral Circulation & Blood Flow (Ginkgo Biloba) — Ginkgo biloba leaf extract is one of the most clinically validated natural compounds for improving cerebral blood flow, microcirculation, and oxygen/glucose delivery to the brain. Its dual action — vasodilation via nitric oxide signaling and platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonism — ensures that brain tissues receive optimal nutrient and oxygen supply
2.      Neuronal Energy Metabolism (Vitamin B1 — Thiamine) — Thiamine is an essential cofactor for multiple enzymes in glucose metabolism (including transketolase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase) that power the brain. The brain consumes approximately 20% of the body's glucose despite being only 2% of its weight — making thiamine critical for maintaining cognitive energy supply. Thiamine deficiency alone can cause profound cognitive impairment, including Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
3.      Cellular Energy & Neuroprotection (Vitamin B2 — Riboflavin) — Riboflavin is a precursor to FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) and FMN (flavin mononucleotide) — essential cofactors in the electron transport chain, mitochondrial energy production, and the recycling of glutathione (the body's master antioxidant). It is critical for maintaining neuronal membrane integrity, myelin maintenance, and protection against oxidative damage
Why Standardized Ginkgo Biloba (24/6)? The 24/6 standardization (24% flavone glycosides / 6% terpene lactones) is the international clinical standard used in virtually all human trials of Ginkgo biloba. This specific ratio of active constituents is essential:
·         Flavone glycosides (24%) — potent antioxidants that protect blood vessels, improve capillary integrity, and scavenge free radicals. They are primarily responsible for Ginkgo's vascular and antioxidant effects
·         Terpene lactones (6%) — including ginkgolides A, B, C, J and bilobalide. These are the unique compounds found only in Ginkgo biloba that act as platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonists, preventing excessive blood clotting and inflammation in the microvasculature. Ginkgolide B is the most potent natural PAF antagonist known
·         Non-standardized or low-standardized Ginkgo extracts (e.g., 10:1 raw powder) do not guarantee the presence of these active compounds in therapeutic amounts
Why Add B1 and B2? Ginkgo improves circulation and oxygen delivery to the brain, but neurons still need metabolic machinery to convert that fuel into energy. Thiamine (B1) and riboflavin (B2) are the enzymatic keys that unlock glucose and oxygen for ATP production:
·         Ginkgo delivers fuel (oxygen and glucose); B1 and B2 ensure the engine runs efficiently
·         Cognitive decline is often simultaneously a problem of fuel delivery (circulation) AND fuel utilization (metabolism) — this formula addresses both
·         B-vitamin insufficiency is common (up to 30% of older adults have suboptimal B1 and B2 status), and even mild deficiency impairs cognitive function
Ginkgo Biloba: Key Mechanisms·         Cerebral Blood Flow Enhancement — Ginkgo biloba increases cerebral blood flow by 15–25% in both healthy and impaired individuals. It promotes vasodilation through:
o    Nitric oxide (NO) pathway activation in endothelial cells
o    Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) potentiation
o    Reduction of blood viscosity and improved erythrocyte (red blood cell) flexibility
o    Increased capillary density and microcirculation in brain regions critical for memory (hippocampus, temporal cortex)
·         Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) Antagonism — Ginkgolides (especially ginkgolide B) are among the most potent naturally occurring PAF antagonists. PAF is a phospholipid mediator that promotes platelet aggregation, inflammation, and vascular constriction. By blocking PAF receptors, Ginkgo:
o    Prevents excessive blood clotting in cerebral microvessels
o    Reduces neuroinflammation
o    Protects against ischemic damage
·         Potent Antioxidant Activity — The flavonoid complex (particularly quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin) directly scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Ginkgo also upregulates endogenous antioxidant enzyme systems (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase)
·         Mitochondrial Protection — Ginkgo biloba protects mitochondrial function, particularly in neurons subjected to oxidative stress or ischemia. Bilobalide (a unique sesquiterpene found only in Ginkgo) has been shown to preserve mitochondrial membrane potential and reduce cytochrome c release
·         Neurotransmitter Modulation — Ginkgo biloba increases the availability of multiple neurotransmitters:
o    Acetylcholine — by enhancing choline uptake and reducing AChE activity (mild)
o    Dopamine — through MAO-B inhibition (mild)
o    Serotonin and norepinephrine — through reuptake inhibition (mild)
o    Glutamate — by reducing glutamate uptake and protecting against excitotoxicity
·         Beta-Amyloid Protection — Ginkgo biloba has been shown to prevent beta-amyloid aggregation and protect neurons from amyloid-beta toxicity — mechanisms relevant to Alzheimer's disease
·         Increased Neurotransmitter Receptor Density — Long-term Ginkgo administration increases the density of muscarinic cholinergic receptors and serotonin (5-HT1A) receptors in the hippocampus and frontal cortex
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine): Key Mechanisms·         Glucose Metabolism — Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), the active form, is a cofactor for transketolase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase — three enzymes that govern the conversion of glucose into cellular energy (ATP) in neurons. Without adequate thiamine, glucose metabolism stalls, and neurons starve despite abundant glucose availability
·         Acetylcholine Synthesis Support — Thiamine is directly involved in the synthesis of acetylcholine. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (thiamine-dependent) produces acetyl-CoA, which is then used to acetylate choline into acetylcholine
·         Myelin Sheath Integrity — Thiamine is necessary for the synthesis and maintenance of the myelin sheath surrounding neurons. Thiamine deficiency causes demyelination and axonal degeneration
·         Neurotransmitter Synthesis — Involved in the synthesis of GABA, glutamate, and aspartate via its role in the Krebs cycle
·         Neuroprotection — Thiamine has antioxidant properties independent of its enzymatic roles and protects neurons from metabolic stress and excitotoxicity
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin): Key Mechanisms·         Mitochondrial Energy Production — As FAD and FMN, riboflavin is essential for complexes I and II of the electron transport chain, which generates the vast majority of ATP in neurons. The brain's high energy demand makes it particularly vulnerable to riboflavin insufficiency
·         Glutathione Recycling — Riboflavin is a critical cofactor for glutathione reductase, the enzyme that converts oxidized glutathione (GSSG) back to its active reduced form (GSH). Reduced glutathione is the brain's primary endogenous antioxidant
·         Myelin Maintenance — Riboflavin is required for the synthesis and maintenance of myelin. Deficiency is associated with demyelination
·         Iron Mobilization — Riboflavin is involved in iron absorption, transport, and metabolism — important because iron is necessary for oxygen transport (hemoglobin) and neurotransmitter synthesis
·         Homocysteine Metabolism — Riboflavin (as FAD) is a cofactor for methionine synthase reductase and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), enzymes that regulate homocysteine levels. Elevated homocysteine is an independent risk factor for cognitive decline
Key Benefits·         Enhanced Cognitive Function — Ginkgo biloba consistently improves attention, processing speed, working memory, and executive function in both healthy adults and those with mild cognitive impairment
·         Improved Cerebral Circulation — Increased blood flow to the brain delivers more oxygen and glucose to neurons, supporting all aspects of cognitive function and reducing mental fatigue
·         Vertigo and Dizziness Relief — Ginkgo biloba is one of the most effective natural treatments for vertigo of vascular origin, with multiple clinical trials demonstrating significant symptom reduction
·         Tinnitus Support — Well-documented benefits for tinnitus (ringing in the ears), particularly when associated with vascular insufficiency
·         Mental Energy & Reduced Fatigue — By improving both fuel delivery (Ginkgo) and fuel utilization (B1, B2), this formula provides sustained mental energy without stimulation
·         Neuroprotection — Ginkgo's antioxidant, mitochondrial, and anti-inflammatory effects protect neurons from age-related degeneration
·         Mood Stabilization — Improved circulation and neurotransmitter availability support balanced mood, reduced irritability, and emotional stability
·         Improved Memory in Aging — Extensive clinical evidence supports Ginkgo's benefits for age-related memory decline, particularly for short-term memory, recall speed, and subjective memory quality
·         Enhanced Microcirculation — Benefits extend beyond the brain — improved circulation in the extremities, eyes, and inner ear
·         Migraine Prevention — Some evidence suggests Ginkgo's vascular and PAF-antagonist properties may reduce migraine frequency and severity, particularly menstrual migraines
·         Winter-Hand Warming — Improved peripheral circulation reduces cold hands and feet — a frequent complaint among those with poor circulation
Who Is It For?·         Adults (40+) experiencing age-related cognitive decline — Ginkgo biloba is the most extensively studied natural compound for age-related memory loss and cognitive slowing
·         Individuals with poor cerebral circulation — including those who experience brain fog, dizziness, vertigo, tinnitus, or who have been diagnosed with cerebrovascular insufficiency
·         Students and professionals seeking enhanced cognitive performance — improved blood flow, oxygen delivery, and energy metabolism support sustained mental performance
·         Individuals with tinnitus (ringing in the ears) — particularly when associated with vascular causes; Ginkgo has shown benefit in multiple clinical trials
·         Those suffering from vertigo or balance disorders — Ginkgo biloba is a clinically documented treatment for vertigo of vascular origin
·         People with cold extremities (hands and feet) — Ginkgo's vasodilating effects improve peripheral circulation
·         Individuals with frequent headaches or migraines — particularly vascular-type headaches
·         Those with a family history of vascular dementia or Alzheimer's disease — the formula's combined circulatory, antioxidant, and metabolic support may reduce risk
·         Anyone seeking general cognitive maintenance and brain health support — suitable for long-term daily use
·         Vegans and vegetarians — dietary B1 and B2 intake may be lower in plant-based diets (B2 is particularly abundant in dairy and eggs); this formula provides an insurance dose
·         Those with low energy, mental fatigue, or "brain fog" — the triple mechanism addresses multiple potential causes simultaneously
·         Older adults with reduced appetite or absorption — B-vitamin insufficiency is common in aging; this formula provides a meaningful dose
·         Individuals with high homocysteine levels — riboflavin supports healthy homocysteine metabolism
·         People who spend extended hours at screens — Ginkgo's ocular circulatory benefits support eye health and reduce visual fatigue
Instructions for UseRecommended Dosage
Timing
Course Duration
1 capsule per day
Take in the morning with food
Suitable for long-term daily use
Usage Notes:
·         Take in the morning — Ginkgo biloba enhances circulation and can be mildly alerting. Morning administration aligns with natural circadian rhythms and ensures daytime cognitive benefit
·         Take with food — Ginkgo biloba extract is fat-soluble (terpene lactones are lipophilic). Taking with a meal containing some fat significantly improves absorption. Food also reduces the likelihood of mild gastrointestinal discomfort
·         Consistency matters — Ginkgo biloba's effects are both acute (within 1–2 hours: increased blood flow, mental clarity) and cumulative (over 4–12 weeks: sustained cognitive improvement, neuroprotection). Daily adherence is recommended for full benefit
·         Full effects may take time — Subjective cognitive improvement is typically noticeable within 2–4 weeks of daily use, with maximum benefits developing over 8–12 weeks. Ginkgo is not an acute "rush" nootropic — it works through sustained physiological improvements
·         Can be taken long-term — Ginkgo biloba has an excellent safety profile for long-term use and does not require cycling. Many users take it continuously for years. B1 and B2 are water-soluble vitamins with no risk of accumulation
·         Hydration — Ginkgo has a mild blood-thinning effect (PAF antagonism). Maintain adequate hydration, especially in hot weather or during exercise
·         Stacking synergy — This formula pairs exceptionally well with:
o    Alpha GPC or CDP-Choline — complementary cholinergic support
o    Phosphatidylserine — combined with Ginkgo for comprehensive age-related cognitive support
o    Omega-3 fatty acids (DHA/EPA) — synergy for cerebral circulation, anti-inflammatory effects, and membrane health
o    Bacopa monnieri — complementary for long-term memory encoding
o    CoQ10 or PQQ — mitochondrial energy support for compounding cognitive energy benefits
·         Caffeine interaction — Ginkgo may slightly potentiate the effects of caffeine; reduce caffeine intake if you experience jitteriness when combining them
·         If you miss a dose — simply resume the next day. Do not double-dose
Precautions·         Consult a healthcare professional before use if you:
o    Are taking blood-thinning medications (anticoagulants or antiplatelets) — INCLUDING: warfarin (Coumadin), acenocoumarol (Sintrom), apixaban (Eliquis), rivaroxaban (Xarelto), dabigatran (Pradaxa), edoxaban (Lixiana), clopidogrel (Plavix), ticagrelor (Brilinta), prasugrel (Effient), dipyridamole, cilostazol, heparin, enoxaparin (Lovenox), aspirin (including low-dose "baby aspirin" 75–100 mg), NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, ketorolac). Ginkgo biloba has clinically significant antiplatelet effects — combining it with anticoagulants/antiplatelets may increase bleeding risk
o    Are scheduled for surgery or dental extraction — Ginkgo's antiplatelet effects persist for 24–48 hours. Discontinue this product at least 2 weeks (14 days) before any surgical or dental procedure to reduce bleeding risk. Inform your surgeon, anesthesiologist, and dentist
o    Have a bleeding disorder (hemophilia, von Willebrand disease, thrombocytopenia)
o    Have uncontrolled hypertension — Ginkgo has a modest blood pressure-lowering effect that may require medication adjustment
o    Have epilepsy or a history of seizures — Ginkgo's ginkgotoxin (4'-O-methylpyridoxine) may in theory lower seizure threshold in very high doses, though clinical relevance at 240 mg is minimal
o    Are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant
o    Have diabetes — Ginkgo may modestly affect insulin secretion. Monitor blood glucose if combining
o    Take MAO inhibitors (MAOIs) — Ginkgo has mild MAO-B inhibiting activity
o    Take SSRI or SNRI antidepressants — Ginkgo may potentiate their effects; theoretical risk of serotonin syndrome at high doses
o    Take antihypertensive medications — additive blood pressure-lowering effect is possible
o    Take cyclosporine or tacrolimus — Ginkgo may affect their metabolism
o    Take benzodiazepines or other sedatives — Ginkgo may reduce their effectiveness
·         Possible side effects are generally mild and dose-dependent:
o    Gastrointestinal discomfort — mild nausea, stomach upset, bloating. Most common side effect. Take with food
o    Headache — can occur in the first few days of use as cerebral circulation adjusts; typically resolves spontaneously
o    Dizziness — rare, typically mild and resolves within days
o    Allergic skin reactions — rare; discontinue if rash, itching, or hives develop
o    Increased bleeding tendency — prolonged bleeding time, easy bruising, nosebleeds, gum bleeding. If you notice unusual bruising or bleeding, discontinue and consult a healthcare provider
o    Palpitations or rapid heartbeat — rare; more likely in those with pre-existing cardiac conditions
o    Insomnia or vivid dreams — if taken too late in the day; switch to morning administration
·         Drug interactions — B1 (Thiamine) — No significant known interactions. Very high parenteral doses may rarely cause anaphylactic reactions in susceptible individuals, but oral supplementation is extremely safe
·         Drug interactions — B2 (Riboflavin) — Riboflavin may reduce the effectiveness of certain anticholinergic drugs and tetracycline antibiotics (space dosing by 2–3 hours). No significant adverse interactions
·         Ginkgotoxin (4'-O-methylpyridoxine) consideration — Ginkgo biloba contains trace amounts of ginkgotoxin, which can in very high doses (rare) interfere with vitamin B6 metabolism. The B1 and B2 in this formula provide energy metabolism support that further protects against any theoretical risk
·         Do not exceed recommended dose — 240 mg of standardized extract (24/6) is the well-established clinical dose for cognitive and circulatory benefits. Higher doses increase bleeding risk without proportional benefit
·         Keep out of reach of children
This product is a dietary supplement and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease